History of 28th January

1077 - German king Henry IV petitions Pope Gregory VII for forgiveness
1077 - Pope Gregory VII pardons German emperor Heinrich IV
1077 - Walk to Canossa: The excommunication of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor is lifted.
1099 - 1st Crusaders begins siege of Hosn-el-Akrad Syria
1262 - Flemish/Dutch coast ravaged by north western storm
1393 - Fire during Royal Ball at Paris, 4 die (Ball of the Ardents)
1495 - Pope gives his son Cesare Borgia as hostage to Charles VIII of France
1521 - The Diet of Worms begins, lasting until May 25.
1547 - 9-year-old Edward VI succeeds Henry VIII as king of England
1561 - By Edict of Orleans persecution of French Huguenots is suspended
1573 - Articles of Warsaw Confederation are signed, sanctioning freedom of religion in Poland.
1581 - James VI signs 2nd Confession of Faith in Scotland
1613 - Galileo may have unknowingly viewed undiscovered planet Neptune
1624 - Sir Thomas Warner founds the first British colony in the Caribbean, on Saint Kitts.
1689 - English parliament ends king Charles II reign
1724 - The Russian Academy of Sciences was founded in St. Petersburg by Peter the Great, and implemented in the Senate decree. It was called St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences until 1917.
1754 - Horace Walpole, in a letter to Horace Mann, coins the word serendipity
1760 - Pownal, Vermont created by Benning Wentworth as one of the New Hampshire Grants.
1787 - Philadelphia's Free Africa Society organizes
1788 - Capt Arthur Phillip forms English colony at Sydney, Botany Bay NSW
1788 - Lord Gordon found guilty of libel of queen of France
1807 - London's Pall Mall is 1st street lit by gaslight
1813 - Pride and Prejudice is first published in the United Kingdom.
1814 - Stendahl's 1st book is published
1819 - Sir Stamford Raffles 1st lands in Singapore
1820 - Russian expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev discovered the Antarctic continent approaching the Antarctic coast.
1821 - Bellingshausen discovers Alexander Island off Antarctica
1824 - William Kneass becomes 3rd US chief engraver (1824-40)
1830 - Opera "Fra Diavolo," premieres in Paris
1846 - Battle of Allwal, Brits beat Sikhs in Punjab (India)
1848 - King of Naples grants his subjects a constitution
1851 - Northwestern University (Chicago) chartered
1855 - The first locomotive runs from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean on the Panama Railway.
1858 - John Brown organized raid on Arsenal at Harper's Ferry
1860 - Britain formally returns Mosquito Coast to Nicaragua
1864 - Battle of New Bern, NC
1865 - Pres Jefferson Davis names 3 peace commissioners
1871 - Paris surrenders to Prussians
1878 - 1st telephone exchange (New Haven, CT)
1878 - George W Coy hired as 1st full-time telephone operator
1878 - Yale Daily News published, 1st college daily newspaper
1881 - Battle at Laing's Neck Natal: Boers beat superior powered British
1887 - England all out for 45 v Aust SCG, their lowest total ever
1887 - In a snowstorm at Fort Keogh, Montana, the world's largest snowflakes are reported, being 15 inches (38 cm) wide and 8 inches (20 cm) thick.
1893 - Edward Mcdowell's "Hamlet & Ophelia," premieres in Boston
1899 - American Social Science Association incorporated by Congress
1902 - Carnegie Institute founded in Wash DC
1904 - 1st college sports letters given to Seniors who played on U of Chicago's football team are awarded blankets with letter "C" on them
1909 - US milt forces leave Cuba for 2nd time
1911 - Frenchman Henri Rougier wins 1st Rally of Monte Carlo
1914 - 1st Millrose Games (athletics) held (NYC)
1914 - Beverly Hills, Ca, is incorporated
1915 - 1st US ship lost in WW I, William P Frye (carrying wheat to UK)
1915 - US Coast Guard created from Life Saving & Revenue Cutter services
1915 - US Pres Wilson refuses to prohibit immigration of illiterates
1916 - 1st Jewish Supreme Court justice, Louis Brandeis, appointed by Wilson
1916 - German colony of Cameroon surrenders to Britain & France
1916 - Opera "Goyescas," premieres (NYC)
1917 - Municipally owned streetcars take to the streets of San Francisco, California.
1918 - Strike on Berlin ammunition's factory
1918 - Trotsky becomes leader of Reds
1918 - Finnish Civil War: Rebels seized control of the capital, Helsinki, and members of the Senate of Finland go underground.
1922 - American Pro Football Association renamed "National Football League"
1922 - J E Clair turns Green Bay franchise back to NFL
1922 - Knickerbocker Storm, Washington D.C.'s biggest snowfall, causes the city's greatest loss of life when the roof of the Knickerbocker Theater collapses.
1923 - 1st "Reichs Party" (NSDAP) forms in Munich
1923 - Demonstration against a Dutch University in Ghent
1923 - NSDAP 1st election in Munich
1925 - -46°F (-43°C), Pittsburgh, New Hampshire (state record)
1927 - Serbian-Croatian-Slavic govt of Oezonowitsj falls
1928 - Christopher Hornsrud chosen PM of Norway at age 101
1931 - Bradman scores 220 NSW v Victoria, 308 mins, 13 fours
1932 - 1st US state unemployment insurance act enacted (Wisconsin)
1932 - Japan occupies Shanghai
1932 - Japanese forces attack Shanghai.
1933 - French govt of Paul Boncour falls
1933 - German govt of Von Schleicher falls
1933 - The name Pakistan is coined by Choudhary Rehmat Ali Khan and is accepted by the Indian Muslims who then thereby adopted it further for the Pakistan Movement seeking independence.
1934 - 1st US ski tow (rope) begins operation (Woodstock Vermont)
1935 - Iceland becomes 1st country to legalize abortion
1936 - Pravda criticizes Sjostakovitsj' "Lady Macbeth" opera
1941 - French-Thai War: Final air battle of the conflict. Japanese-mediated armistice goes into effect later in the day.
1942 - General Timoshenko's troops move into Ukraine
1942 - German troops occupy Benghazi Libya
1943 - Chic Blackhawks beats NY Rangers 10-1, Max Bentley scores 4 goals
1943 - Forward Doug Bentley sets NHL record with 5 points in a game
1944 - 683 British bombers attack Berlin
1944 - Leonard Bernstein's "Jeremiah," premieres in Pittsburgh
1944 - U-271 & U-571 sunk off Ireland
1945 - Dutch airplanes dump pamphlets on Java
1945 - Gen "Vinegar Joe" Stillwell & truck convoy reopen Burma Road to China
1945 - Swedish ships bring food to starving Netherlands
1947 - "Bay Psalm" book auctioned for a record $151,000
1949 - NY Giants sign their 1st black players, Monte Irvin & Ford Smith
1949 - UN Security council convicts Dutch aggression in Indonesia
1950 - Preston Tucker, auto maker, found not guilty of mail fraud
1951 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1951 - "La Vie Commence Demain," which depicted artificial insemination & is the 1st X-rated movie, opened in London
1953 - J Fred Muggs (the chimp) joins NBC's "Today Show"
1953 - WJTV TV channel 12 in Jackson, MS (CBS) begins broadcasting

1956 - Elvis Presley's 1st TV appearance (Dorsey Bros Stage Show)
1957 - "Tonight! America After Dark" premieres, with Jack Lescoulie & Al (Jazzbo) Collins on NBC (between Steve Allen & Jack Paar)
1958 - Construction began on 1st private thorium-uranium nuclear reactor
1958 - Dodger catcher Roy Campanella is paralyzed in an automobile wreck
1958 - The Lego company patented their design of Lego bricks, still compatible with bricks produced today.
1959 - Soviet Union wins 62-37 for 1st international basketball loss by US
1960 - 1st photograph bounced off Moon, Washington DC
1960 - Goon Show's final episode on BBC
1960 - NFL announces Dallas Cowboys (1960) & Minn Vikings (1961) franchises
1961 - Republic of Rwanda proclaimed
1962 - Johanne Relleke gets stung by bees 2,443 times in Rhodesia & survives
1963 - -34°F (-37°C), Cynthiana, Kentucky (state record)
1965 - The Who make their 1st appearance on British TV
1967 - Rolling Stones release "Let's Spend the Night Together"
1968 - 29th PGA Seniors Golf Championship: Chandler Harper
1968 - Goose Goslin & Kiki Cuyler elected to baseball Hall of Fame
1969 - 2nd ABA All-Star Game: West 133 beats East 127 at Louisville
1969 - Barbara Jo Rubin becomes 1st woman jockey to win in N America
1970 - Lubomír Strougal succeeds Cernik as premier of Czechoslovakia
1972 - Oral Roberts' Eddie Woods grabs 30 rebounds for 2nd consecutive game
1973 - "Barnaby Jones" premieres on CBS TV
1973 - Henry Boucha, Detroit Red Wings, scores 6 sec into a game vs Mont
1973 - Mickey Welch, George Kelly & Billy Evans elected to Hall of Fame
1973 - Ron Howard appears on M*A*S*H in "Sometimes You Hear the Bullet"
1974 - Sam Thompson, Jim Bottomley, & Jocko Conlan elected to Hall of Fame
1975 - 8th ABA All-Star Game: East 151 beats West 124 at San Antonio
1976 - Erapalli Prasanna takes 8-76 to rip through NZ at Eden Park
1976 - NBA Atlanta Hawks begin a 28 game road losing streak
1978 - "Fantasy Island" starring Ricardo Montalban premieres on ABC TV
1978 - "We Are the World" is recorded
1978 - Ranger's Don Murdoch failed on 4th penalty shot against Islanders
1978 - Ted Nugent autographs a fan's arm with his knife
1979 - "Wiz" closes at Majestic Theater NYC after 1672 performances
1979 - Arthur Kopit's "Wings," premieres in NYC
1980 - 37th Golden Globes: Dustin Hoffman & Sally Field wins
1980 - USCGC Blackthorn (WLB-391) collides with the tanker Capricorn while leaving Tampa Florida and capsizes killing 23 Coast Guard crewmembers.
1981 - "5 O'Clock Girl" opens at Helen Hayes Theater NYC for 12 performances
1981 - William J Casey becomes 13th director of CIA (until 1987)
1981 - Olympic Glory tanker at Galveston Bay, Texas, spills 1 million gallons of oil in a ship collision
1982 - US Gen Dozier freed from Red Brigade of Padua Italy
1982 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1984 - 41th Golden Globes: Thornbirds wins
1984 - LA Kings stop Wayne Gretzky 51 game scoring streak
1984 - Mr Glynn Wolfe marries for non-bigamous record 26th time, Las Vegas
1984 - Record 295,000 dominoes toppled, Fuerth, W Germany
1985 - 12th American Music Award
1986 - "Uptown... It's Hot!" opens at Lunt-Fontanne Theater NYC for 24 perfs
1986 - 25th Space Shuttle (51L)-Challenger 10 explodes 73 sec after liftoff
1986 - Angolan Unity Leader Jonas Savimbi visits Washington, DC
1987 - US Foreign minister George Shultz meets ANC-leader Oliver Tambo
1987 - Wrestler Jim Neidhart indicted for assaulting a flight attendant
1988 - "Saratina!" opens at Cort Theater NYC for 597 performances
1988 - Canada's Supreme court declares anti-abortion law unconstitutional
1989 - 46th Golden Globes: Rainman, Working Girl
1989 - 63rd Australian Womens Tennis: Steffi Graf beats Helena Sukova (64 64)
1989 - Boon completes 7th Test century, 149 v WI at SCG
1990 - "Independent on Sunday" begins publishing in London
1990 - 78th Australian Mens Tennis: Ivan Lendl beats S Edberg (46 76 52-ret)
1990 - Superbowl XXIV: SF 49ers beat Denver Broncos, 55-10 in New Orleans Superbowl MVP: Joe Montana, San Francisco, QB
1991 - "A Closer Look" with Faith Daniels premieres on NBC-TV
1991 - 18th American Music Award: M C Hammer & Janet Jackson
1991 - Boon completes ninth Test century, 121 v England at Adelaide
1991 - Dictator Siad Barre flees Somalia ending 22 year rule
1992 - Boon completes twelfth Test century, 135 v India at Adelaide
1992 - Stan Hansen beats Jumbo Tsuruta to win All Japan Triple Crown
1994 - Actress Lorraine Bracco (39) weds actor Edward James Olmos (46)
1994 - Helicopter crashes into office building in San Jose Calif, 1 dead
1994 - Inna Lassovskaja jumps ladies world record (14.78m)
1995 - 69th Australian Women's Tennis Open: Mary Pierce beats Vicario (63 62)
1995 - 83rd Australian Mens Tennis: Andre Agassi beats Sampras (46 61 76 64)
1995 - Memphis Mad Dogs granted CFL's 13th franchise
1996 - "Hello Dolly!" closes at Lunt-Fontanne Theater NYC after 118 perfs
1996 - 84th Australian Mens Tennis: Boris Becker beats M Chang (62 64 26 62)
1996 - Superbowl XXX: Dallas Cowboys beat Pitts Steelers, 27-17 in Tempe Superbowl MVP:
1998 - Michelangelo, "Christ & the Woman of Samaria," sold for $7.4 million
2002 - TAME Flight 120, a Boeing 727-100 crashes in the Andes mountains in southern Colombia killing 92.