History of 3rd January

236 - St Anterus ends his reign as Catholic Pope
269 - St Felix I begins his reign as Catholic Pope
936 - Duke Alberik II of Spoleto appoints his son Pope Leo VII
1338 - Jacob of Arteveld elected mayor of Ghent
1407 - Bloody battles between Hoeksen & Kabeljauwen in Dordrecht
1431 - Joan of Arc handed over to the bishop
1496 - Leonardo da Vinci unsuccessfully tests a flying machine.
1521 - Martin Luther excommunicated by Pope Leo X from the Roman Catholic Church
1638 - Dutch Premier Van Joost speaks of "Hostage rights of Aemstel"
1638 - Schouwburg Theater, the 1st in Amsterdam, opens
1667 - Resistance of Androsovo in Russia-Poland
1667 - Russia & Poland sign Truce of Androsovo
1746 - Bonnie Prince Charlies army leaves Glasgow, [NS=1/14]
1749 - Benning Wentworth issues the first of the New Hampshire Grants, leading to the establishment of Vermont.
1750 - Tax revolt in Haarlem Neth
1752 - East Indies invasion "Geldermalsen" leaves at Malakka: 92 killed
1777 - Washington defeats British at Battle of Princeton, NJ
1780 - Danish national anthem "Kong Kristian...," 1st sung
1823 - Stephen F. Austin receives a grant of land in Texas from the government of Mexico.
1825 - Scottish factory owner Robert Owen buys 30,000 acres in Indiana as site for New Harmony utopian community
1831 - 1st US building & loan association organized, Frankford, Penn
1833 - Britain seizes control of Falkland Islands in South Atlantic
1834 - The government of Mexico imprisons Stephen F. Austin in Mexico City.
1840 - 1st deep sea sounding
1847 - California town of Yerba Buena renamed San Francisco
1848 - Joseph Jenkins Roberts is sworn in as the first president of the independent African Republic of Liberia.
1852 - 1st Chinese arrive in Hawaii
1861 - Delaware legislature rejects proposal to join Confederacy
1861 - US Ft Pulaski & Ft Jackson, Savannah, seized by Georgia
1862 - Romney Campaign-Stonewall Jackson moves north from Winchester
1865 - Con Orem & Hugh O'Neill box 193 rounds before darkness ends match
1868 - Meiji Restoration returns authority to Japan's emperors
1870 - Brooklyn Bridge construction begins; completed May 24, 1883
1871 - Oleomargarine patented by Henry Bradley, Binghamton, NY
1872 - 1st patent list issued by US Patent Office
1888 - 1st wax drinking straw patented, by Marvin C Stone in Washington DC
1889 - Admissions convention meets in Ellensburg, WA, asks for statehood
1890 - 1st US college-level dairy school opens at University of Wisconsin
1896 - Emperor Wilhelm congratulates Pres Kruger on the Jameson Raid
1899 - The first known use of the word automobile, was seen in an editorial in The New York Times.
1900 - Gerhart Hauptmanns "Schluck und Jau," premieres in Berlin
1900 - Perihelion Passage
1902 - Reg Duff 104 on Test debut, v England at MCG
1910 - British miners strike for 8 hour working day
1911 - US postal savings bank inaugurated
1912 - South Pacific RR offers to bring Liberty Bell to Exposition, free
1914 - Kelman/Cushing/Heath' musical "Sari," premieres in NYC
1918 - US employment service opens as a unit of Dept of Labor
1920 - Arthur Honegger's "Chant de Nigamon," premieres
1920 - NY Yankees purchase Babe Ruth from Red Sox for $125,000
1921 - Turkey makes peace with Armenia
1922 - 1st living person identified on a US coin (Thomas E Kirby) on the Alabama Centennial half-dollar
1924 - British egyptologist Howard Carter finds sarcophagus of Tutankhamun
1925 - Mussolini dissolves Italian parliament/becomes dictator
1925 - Benito Mussolini announces he is taking dictatorial powers over Italy.
1926 - Greek gen Theodorus Pangulos names himself dictator
1929 - 27 year old William S Paley becomes CBS pres
1929 - Bradman scores 112 v England at MCG - his 1st Test century
1931 - Nels Stewart of Montreal Maroons scores 2 goals in 4 sec (record)
1932 - Martial law is declared in Honduras to stop revolt by banana workers fired by United Fruit.
1933 - Minnie D. Craig becomes the first female elected as Speaker of the North Dakota House of Representatives, the first female to hold a Speaker position anywhere in the United States.
1938 - March of Dimes established to fight polio
1939 - Gene Cox becomes 1st girl page in US House of Representatives
1940 - WPG-AM in Atlantic City NJ consolidates with WBIL & WOV as "new" WOV
1941 - Canada & US acquire air bases in Newfoundland (99 yr lease)
1941 - Italian counter offensive in Albania
1941 - Sergei Rachmaninov's "Symphonic Dances" premieres in Philadelphia
1942 - American-British-Dutch-Australian (ABDA) Command forms
1943 - 1st missing persons telecast (NYC)
1943 - Canadian Army troops arrive in North Africa
1944 - World War II: Top Ace Major Greg "Pappy" Boyington is shot down in his Corsair by Captain Masajiro Kawato flying a Zero.
1945 - Allies land on west coast of Burma, conquer Akyab
1945 - British Premier Winston Churchill visits France
1945 - Cato-Meridian School, NY, installs germicidal lamps in every room
1945 - Greek General Plastiras forms government
1945 - John Patrick's "Hasty Heart," premieres in NYC
1945 - US aircraft carriers attack Okinawa
1947 - 1st opening session of Congress to be televised
1947 - William Dawson becomes 1st black to head congressional committee
1948 - Bradman completes dual Test tons (132 & 127*) v India MCG
1949 - "Colgate Theater" dramatic anthology series premieres on NBC TV
1951 - 9 Jewish Kremlin physicians "exposed" as British/US agents
1951 - Fred Wilt wins AAU Sullivan Memorial Trophy (US athlete of 1950)
1952 - "Dragnet" with Jack Webb premieres on NBC TV
1952 - Australia beat W Indies by one wicket at the MCG, last stand 38
1953 - Frances Bolton and her son, Oliver from Ohio, become the first mother and son to serve simultaneously in the U.S. Congress.
1955 - Jose Ramon Guizado becomes president of Panama
1956 - A fire damages the top part of the Eiffel Tower.
1957 - 1st electric watch introduced, Lancaster Pa
1958 - Edmund Hillary reaches South Pole overland
1958 - Lindsay Kline takes a hat-trick v South Africa at Cape Town
1958 - The West Indies Federation is formed.
1959 - Alaska admitted as 49th US state
1961 - Adam Clayton Powell elected Chairman of House Education & Labor
1961 - US breaks diplomatic relations with Cuba
1962 - Ground is broken for the Houston Astrodome
1962 - Pope John XXIII excommunicates Fidel Castro
1963 - WOUB TV channel 20 in Athens, OH (PBS) begins broadcasting
1964 - Jack Paar Show, shows a clip of the Beatles singing "She Loves You"
1966 - Floyd B McKissick, named national director of CORE

1967 - "Tonight Show" is shortened from 105 to 90 minutes
1967 - Carl Wilson of the Beach Boys is indicted for draft evasion
1967 - WJAN TV channel 17 in Canton, OH (IND) begins broadcasting
1969 - John Lennon's "2 Virgins" album declared pornographic in NJ
1969 - Rep Adam Clayton Powell Jr seated by Congress
1970 - "Jimmy" closes at Winter Garden Theater NYC after 84 performances
1970 - "Mame" closes at Winter Garden Theater NYC after 1508 performances
1970 - Marxist government takes over in Congo
1970 - WHAG TV channel 25 in Hagerstown, MD (NBC) begins broadcasting
1971 - "President's Daughter" closes at Billy Rose Theater NYC after 72 perfs
1971 - Baltimore Colts beat Oakland Raiders 27-17 in AFC championship game
1971 - Dallas Cowboys beat SF '49ers 17-10 in NFC championship game
1973 - George Steinbrenner III buys Yankees from CBS for $12 million
1974 - Arias Navarro succeeds Carrero Blanco as premier of Spain
1974 - Burma accepts its constitution
1974 - Gold hits record $121.25 an ounce in London
1974 - Miguel Pinero's "Short Eyes," premieres in NYC
1974 - NY Yankees sign Bill Virdon as manager
1976 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1977 - Apple Computers incorporate
1977 - Lindy McDaniel retires with 2nd most pitching appearances (987 games)
1978 - Chandrasekar takes 6-52 & 6-52 at MCG in Indian innings win
1980 - Gold hits record $634 an ounce
1981 - 55th Australian Womens Tennis: H Mandlikova beats W Turnbull (60 75)
1981 - Cleveland Cavaliers retire jersey # 34, Austin Carr
1981 - Greg Chappell scores 204 v India at the SCG
1981 - Mary Terstegge Meagher swims female record 100 m butterfly (58.91)
1983 - Tony Dorsett sets NFL record with 99-yd rush, Dallas vs Minnesota
1984 - Syria frees captured US pilot after appeal from Jesse Jackson
1985 - Azharuddin scores 110 in 1st Test innings
1985 - Israel govt confirms resettlement of 10,000 Ethiopian Jews
1987 - "Oh Coward!" closes at Helen Hayes Theater NYC after 56 performances
1987 - "Smile" closes at Lunt-Fontanne Theater NYC after 48 performances
1987 - Rock & Roll Hall of Fame inducts 1st female artist Aretha Franklin
1987 - Singer/Miss America Vanessa Williams marries Ramon T Hervey in NYC
1988 - Israel orders 9 Palestinian "instigators" deported from W Beirut
1988 - Margaret Thatcher becomes longest-serving British PM this century
1989 - Jim & Tammy Bakker return to TV (Oy Vey!)
1989 - Russian newspaper Izvestia gets its 1st commercial advertisement
1990 - Panama's leader Gen Manuel Noriega surrenders to US authorities
1991 - Israel reopens consulate in USSR after 23 years
1991 - LA King Wayne Gretzky scores his 700th goal against NY Islanders
1992 - 32 Cubans defect to the US via helicopter
1992 - Boon completes 11 Test Cricket century, 129* v India at Sydney
1993 - "Catskills on Broadway" closes at Lunt-Fontanne NYC after 452 perfs
1993 - "Christmas Carol" closes at Broadhurst Theater NYC after 22 perfs
1993 - "Lost in Yonkers" closes at Richard Rodgers NYC after 780 perfs
1993 - "Secret Garden" closes at St James Theater NYC after 706 performances
1993 - "Tommy Tune Tonite!" closes at Gershwin NYC after 10 performances
1993 - Junk bond king Michael Milkin is released from jail after 22 months
1994 - "Gray's Anatomy" closes at Beaumont Theater NYC after 13 performances
1994 - 100s killed in Venezuela in prison revolt
1994 - Tupolev-154M crashes at Irkutsk, Siberia: 122 killed
1994 - 35-foot-tall Chief Wahoo, trademark of Indians on top of Stadium since 1962, is taken down, to be moved to Jacob's Field
1997 - Bryant Gumbel co-hosted his final "Today" show on NBC-TV
1997 - Eddo Brandes takes ODI hat-trick v England at Harare
1997 - Zimbabwe clean-sweep ODI series v England 3-0
1997 - The People's Republic of China announces it will spend $27.7 billion USD to fight erosion and pollution in the Yangtze and Yellow river valleys.
1998 - "Side Show," closes at Richard Rodgers NYC after 91 performances
1998 - Grandpa Jones suffers a stroke
1999 - Israel detains, and later expels, 14 members of Concerned Christians.
1999 - The Mars Polar Lander was launched.
2004 - Flight 604, a Boeing 737 owned by Flash Airlines, an Egyptian airliner, plunges into the Red Sea, killing all 148 people on board.
2007 - National Express has its worst ever coach crash just outside Heathrow Airport.
2009 - Israeli ground forces invade Gaza.